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Sports Health 2019
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Brain Concussion; Humans; Physicians; Professional Role; Sports Medicine
PubMed: 31658899
DOI: 10.1177/1941738119880223 -
Clinics in Sports Medicine Jan 2011The rising awareness of the long-term health problems associated with concussions re-emphasizes the need for understanding the mechanical etiology of concussions. This... (Review)
Review
The rising awareness of the long-term health problems associated with concussions re-emphasizes the need for understanding the mechanical etiology of concussions. This article reviews past studies defining the common mechanisms for mild traumatic brain injury and summarizes efforts to convert the external input to the head (force, acceleration, and velocity) into estimates of motions and deformations of the brain that occur during mild traumatic brain injury. Studies of how these mechanical conditions contribute to the cellular mechanisms of damage in mild traumatic brain injury are reviewed. Finally, future directions for improving understanding concussion biomechanics are discussed.
Topics: Acceleration; Athletic Injuries; Biomechanical Phenomena; Brain Concussion; Brain Injuries; Energy Transfer; Humans; Population Surveillance; Risk Factors; United States
PubMed: 21074079
DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2010.08.009 -
Sports Health 2016Concussive injuries are at the forefront of sports medicine research. Recently, researchers have used a variety of head- and helmet-based impact-monitoring devices to... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Concussive injuries are at the forefront of sports medicine research. Recently, researchers have used a variety of head- and helmet-based impact-monitoring devices to quantify impacts sustained during contact sport participation. This review provides an up-to-date collection of head accelerometer use at the youth, high school, and collegiate levels.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
PubMed was searched for articles published between 1980 and 2015 using the terms accelerometer and concussion, impact sensor and concussion, head impact telemetry system, head impact telemetry, and linear acceleration and concussion. An additional Google search was performed to capture devices without publications.
STUDY DESIGN
Clinical review.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 4.
RESULTS
Twenty-four products track and/or record head impact for clinical or research use. Ten of these head impact devices have publications supporting their utility.
CONCLUSION
Head impact measuring devices can describe athlete exposure in terms of magnitude and/or frequency, highlighting their utility within a multimodal approach for concussion assessment and diagnosis.
Topics: Accelerometry; Athletic Injuries; Biomechanical Phenomena; Brain Concussion; Head; Head Protective Devices; Humans
PubMed: 27060184
DOI: 10.1177/1941738116641912 -
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine Aug 2017Concussion is a common problem often managed by nonneurologists. It is often accompanied by headaches, dizziness, sleep disturbance, psychiatric symptoms, and cognitive... (Review)
Review
Concussion is a common problem often managed by nonneurologists. It is often accompanied by headaches, dizziness, sleep disturbance, psychiatric symptoms, and cognitive issues. Here, we outline how to evaluate and manage concussion, including treatment of the most common symptoms.
Topics: Brain Concussion; Humans
PubMed: 28806161
DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.84a.16013 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Apr 2024Mild traumatic brain injury, such as concussion, was once considered self-resolving. However, over the past decade, increased understanding of the short- and long-term... (Review)
Review
Mild traumatic brain injury, such as concussion, was once considered self-resolving. However, over the past decade, increased understanding of the short- and long-term impact has led to new guidelines for active management. In this review, we summarise recent findings, covering diagnostic criteria, and management for early and persistent symptoms. Many of the postconcussive symptoms can be treated and an individualised approach from a biopsychosocial perspective is recommended. Overall, the new knowledge will significantly impact patient care and future research.
Topics: Humans; Brain Concussion; Post-Concussion Syndrome; Athletic Injuries
PubMed: 38704707
DOI: 10.61409/V10230645 -
Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine :... Mar 2022Tinnitus, noise sensitivity, and hearing difficulties are commonly reported secondary to head injury. These auditory deficits have been shown to negatively impact daily...
Tinnitus, noise sensitivity, and hearing difficulties are commonly reported secondary to head injury. These auditory deficits have been shown to negatively impact daily functioning, and yet, often go unnoticed by health care professionals. The purpose of this editorial is to explain why it is essential for clinical practice guidelines that address the management of patients who have experienced a head injury to incorporate assessment and rehabilitation of auditory symptoms.
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Brain Concussion; Humans
PubMed: 32941367
DOI: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000874 -
Practical Neurology Jun 2015It is time to stop using the term concussion as it has no clear definition and no pathological meaning. This confusion is increasingly problematic as the management of... (Review)
Review
It is time to stop using the term concussion as it has no clear definition and no pathological meaning. This confusion is increasingly problematic as the management of 'concussed' individuals is a pressing concern. Historically, it has been used to describe patients briefly disabled following a head injury, with the assumption that this was due to a transient disorder of brain function without long-term sequelae. However, the symptoms of concussion are highly variable in duration, and can persist for many years with no reliable early predictors of outcome. Using vague terminology for post-traumatic problems leads to misconceptions and biases in the diagnostic process, producing uninterpretable science, poor clinical guidelines and confused policy. We propose that the term concussion should be avoided. Instead neurologists and other healthcare professionals should classify the severity of traumatic brain injury and then attempt to precisely diagnose the underlying cause of post-traumatic symptoms.
Topics: Brain Concussion; Brain Injuries; Cognition Disorders; Confusion; Disease Management; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; History, Medieval; Humans; Mental Disorders; Neuroimaging
PubMed: 25977270
DOI: 10.1136/practneurol-2015-001087 -
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation... May 2018Although Para athletes (the International Paralympic Committee term for sportspeople with a disability) are exposed to a risk of concussion just like their able-bodied... (Review)
Review
Although Para athletes (the International Paralympic Committee term for sportspeople with a disability) are exposed to a risk of concussion just like their able-bodied counterparts, there has been little research into the incidence of concussion in para sport. Existing assessment and management guidelines and tools have been developed for the general sport population but may not be appropriate for use in some para-athletes. This review examines what is currently known about concussion in para sport and identifies challenges and opportunities in moving knowledge on this topic forward.
Topics: Athletes; Athletic Injuries; Brain Concussion; Disabled Persons; Humans
PubMed: 29627090
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2018.01.002 -
Clinics in Sports Medicine Jan 2021After a concussion, a series of complex, overlapping, and disruptive events occur within the brain, leading to symptoms and behavioral dysfunction. These events include... (Review)
Review
After a concussion, a series of complex, overlapping, and disruptive events occur within the brain, leading to symptoms and behavioral dysfunction. These events include ionic shifts, damaged neuronal architecture, higher concentrations of inflammatory chemicals, increased excitatory neurotransmitter release, and cerebral blood flow disruptions, leading to a neuronal crisis. This review summarizes the translational aspects of the pathophysiologic cascade of postconcussion events, focusing on the role of excitatory neurotransmitters and ionic fluxes, and their role in neuronal disruption. We review the relationship between physiologic disruption and behavioral alterations, and proposed treatments aimed to restore the balance of disrupted processes.
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Brain Concussion; Humans; Neuroimaging
PubMed: 33187612
DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2020.08.001 -
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Jul 2012Concussion (mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)) is a significant pediatric public health concern. Despite increased awareness, a comprehensive understanding of the acute... (Review)
Review
Concussion (mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)) is a significant pediatric public health concern. Despite increased awareness, a comprehensive understanding of the acute and chronic effects of concussion on central nervous system structure and function remains incomplete. Here we review the definition, epidemiology, and sequelae of concussion within the developing brain, during childhood and adolescence, with current data derived from studies of pathophysiology and neuroimaging. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the neurological consequences of traumatic brain injuries, which in turn, may lead to the development of brain biomarkers to improve identification, management and prognosis of pediatric patients suffering from concussion.
Topics: Biomarkers; Brain; Brain Concussion; Humans; Neuroimaging; Prognosis
PubMed: 22476089
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.03.007